Synonyms[]
- PECAM-1
Antibodies[]
Technical Info[]
Staining Pattern[]
- Membranous
Expression in Normal Tissues[]
- Highly sensitive and specific for endothelium of blood vessels and lymphatics
- May be expressed by normal histiocytes
Expression in Neoplastic Entities[]
Benign[]
Tumor name | % Positive Staining (Sensitivity) | Number of Cases | Specificity | Comments |
Hemangioma (all types) | 100% | 13 | ||
Lymphangioma | 91% | 33 | ||
Intermediate/Uncertain Malignant Potential[]
Tumor name | % Positive Staining (Sensitivity) | Number of Cases | Specificity | Comments |
Atypical vascular lesion (AVL) of breast (post-radiation) | ||||
Hemangioendothelioma (all types) | ||||
Epithelioid sarcoma-like hemangioendothelioma (Note: negative for CD34) | ||||
Malignant[]
Tumor name | % Positive Staining (Sensitivity) | Number of Cases | Specificity | Comments |
Angiosarcoma | ||||
Expression in Non-Neoplastic Entities[]
- Vascular malformations
Pertinent Negatives[]
CD31 is typically NOT expressed in the following:
- Most carcinomas (NOTE: carcinomas can sometimes express CD31)
Practical Uses / Panels[]
Can be used to indicate the vascular origin of tumors
Common Pitfalls[]
- Collections of CD31 positive histiocytes may be mistaken for a vascular neoplasm.
- Plasma cells and some activated T- and B- lymphocytes may also exhibit moderate to strong membranous reaction.
References[]
Bhawan J, Silva C, Taungiaruwinai WM. Inconsistent immunohistochemical expression of lymphatic and blood endothelial cell markers in cutaneous lymphangiomas. J Cutan Pathol 2013 Sep;40(9): 801-6.